the national covenant Commitment of scotland was formulated to resist Defending the king 's innovations , particularly the prayer book .

in practice Practice , the covenant Commitment also expressed Expressing_publicly a wider scottish dissatisfaction with charles 's policies , especially the sidelining of scotland since the stuart kings had also become Becoming monarchs of england in 1603 .

in 1644 , following the signing Sign_agreement of a treaty UNK the solemn league and covenant Commitment UNK with the english parliament , the bulk of the covenanters ' armed forces were sent Sending south to fight Hostile_encounter on the parliamentarian side in the english civil war .

although the numbers of casualties Death were relatively small ( 1,300 royalists and 1,200 parliamentarians ) , historians who have studied Education_teaching the battle Hostile_encounter consider Statement it to be one of the most crucial of the first english civil war , marking Recording the high point of the royalist advance Cause_to_make_progress and leading to Causation the signing Sign_agreement of the solemn league and covenant Commitment , which brought Bringing the scottish covenanters into the war on the side of parliament and led to Causation the eventual victory of the parliamentarian cause Causation .

italy and ethiopia were members of the league of nations yet the league was unable to control Control italy or to protect Defending ethiopia when italy violated article x of the covenant of the league of nations .

the 1638 national covenant Sign_agreement pledged Commitment to oppose Agree_or_refuse_to_act these unk ' and the general assembly Building of the church of scotland voted Choosing to expel Removing bishops from the kirk .

The controversy was a theological debate Protest concerning the `` covenant of grace '' and `` covenant of works '' .

The controversy was a theological debate Protest concerning the `` covenant of grace '' and `` covenant of works '' .

During the meetings Communication , Hutchinson criticized Judgment_communication the colony 's ministers , accusing Judgment_communication them of preaching Expressing_publicly a covenant of works as opposed Agree_or_refuse_to_act to the covenant of grace espoused by Reverend Cotton .

During the meetings Communication , Hutchinson criticized Judgment_communication the colony 's ministers , accusing Judgment_communication them of preaching Expressing_publicly a covenant of works as opposed Agree_or_refuse_to_act to the covenant of grace espoused by Reverend Cotton .